For example, to make a specified file read-only (two arguments to attrib.exe), simply type: attrib + R c : \ path \ to \ file. To specify arguments to a command, you can type them just as you would in other shells. To save the results into a file, see Recipe 9.2. To save the results into a variable, see Recipe 3.3. If you want to capture the output of a command, you can either save the results into a variable, or save the results into a file. ) to your PATH environment variable.įor more information about updating your system path, see Recipe 16.2. If you want PowerShell to automatically look in your current working directory for scripts, you can add a period (. If PowerShell can find a script or utility in your system’s path, you do not need to explicitly specify its location. To save themselves from having to type the location of commonly used scripts and programs, many users put commonly used utilities along with their PowerShell scripts in a “tools” directory, which they add to their system’s path. This prevents malicious users on your system from littering your hard drive with evil programs that have names similar to (or the same as) commands you might run while visiting that directory. \Program.exe syntax, as shown previously. PowerShell, like most Unix shells, requires that you explicitly state your desire to run a program from the current directory. If you are in the C:\Programs directory, cmd.exe looks in C:\Programs (among other places) for applications to run.
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In cmd.exe, the current directory is considered part of the path: the list of directories that Windows searches to find the program name you typed. The second command that new users (and seasoned veterans before coffee!) sometimes stumble on is running commands from the current directory.
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For information on how to configure your execution policy, see Recipe 18.1. Once you begin writing or using scripts, though, you should configure this policy to something less restrictive. By default, PowerShell’s security policies prevent scripts from running.
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